Data Structures

1. Getting Started

Data structures are ways of organizing and storing data so that it can be accessed and modified efficiently. Python provides several built-in data structures, such as lists, tuples, sets, and dictionaries, to work with data effectively. Before we get into data structures, let’s start with Python’s basic data types.

1.1 Variables

Variables store data in Python. Python is a dynamically typed language, meaning you don’t need to specify the data type when declaring a variable. (Moreover, the type of the variable is allowed to change over its lifetime.)

1.2 Data Types

Python has several built-in data types.

• Integer: Whole numbers without a decimal point.
• Float: Numbers with a decimal point.
• String: Sequence of characters enclosed in quotes.
• Boolean: Represents True or False values.

You can use the type() function to check the data type of a variable.

It’s possible to convert between data types using type casting.

2. Built-in Data Structures

Python provides several built-in data structures for storing and managing data.

2.1 Lists

Lists are ordered, mutable collections of items.

Exercise ☕📝

2.2 Tuples

Tuples are ordered, immutable collections of items.

Exercise ☕📝

2.3 Sets

Sets are unordered collections of unique items.

Exercise ☕📝

Find unqiue words in each of the two sentences

2.4 Dictionaries

Dictionaries are unordered collections of key-value pairs.

Exercise ☕📝

Create a dictionary of three students with their names as keys and their numerical scores as values. Write a program to find and print the student with the highest score.